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How Does Belligerent Occupation End? Some Reflections on the Future of the Territories Occupied in the Russia-Ukraine Conflict

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Keywords: belligerent occupation – armed conflict – end – peace – Ukraine – Russia.
 

In the past months, news outlets have extensively reported on Ukraine’s more or less effective counter-offensive, as well as on renewed rumours of possible negotiations between Ukraine and Russia....

The Wave of Russian Attacks on Ukraine’s Power Infrastructures: An Opportunity to Infuse Meaningfulness into the Notion of 'Dual-use Objects'?

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Abstract: The wave of attacks launched by Russia against Ukraine’s power infrastructures since October 2022 represents one of the most debated and peculiar aspects of the current international armed conflict between the two countries. Although these types of attacks cannot be labelled as unprecedented nor understudied given their frequent occurrence...

The European Political Community: A Nebulous Answer to the Strategic Question of How to Unite Europe

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Abstract: The European Political Community (EPC) is an institutionalised but flexible forum for political coordination between European countries. It was established in the aftermath of the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022. While the EPC is only in its early stages, and therefore there is a significant element of volatility in the subject, this...

Ukraine Conflict’s Impact on European Defence and Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO)

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Abstract: The history of a unified European defence has persistently shaped the European Union's foreign policy, evolving over time. The EU has worked on a robust and coherent Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP), particularly boosted by the European Union Global Strategy (EUGS) in 2016, which was issued after external shocks threatened Europe...

First-Ever EU Funding of Lethal Weapons: 'Another Taboo Has (Lawfully) Fallen'

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Keywords: supply of lethal arms – CFSP – European Peace Facility – Ukraine – territorial integrity – international security.

By decision of 28 February 2022,[1] the Council of the EU unanimously decided to fund (in the amount of euro 1 840 000 000, as last increased by Council...

European Solidarity in Times of Emergency: An Introduction to the Special Focus on COVID-19 and the EU

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Keywords: COVID-19 and the EU – European Solidarity – EU Values – EU Policies – EU Competences – New Research Paths.
 

On 13 March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared Europe the active centre of the COVID-19 pandemic. One month later, on 14 April 2020, several European Union Member States were...

Rethinking Solidarity in View of the Wanting Internal and External EU Law Framework Concerning Trade Measures in the Context of the COVID-19 Crisis

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Abstract: The present Insight looks at the EU and the international law framework concerning trade measures in the context of the COVID-19 crisis, focusing on export restrictions. As is shown, the legal framework is fairly permissive with regard to EU Member States, but also the EU as an international actor. Taking into account economics–...

Citizenship, Coronavirus and Questions of Competence

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Abstract: Restrictions on movement imposed in all Member States have necessarily resulted in a restriction of free movement rights of Union citizens, albeit in an incidental manner. These restrictions are nonetheless facilitated by the relevant provisions of primary and secondary law. This is appropriate in light of the multi-level system of...

International and European Emergency Assistance to EU Member States in the COVID-19 Crisis: Why European Solidarity Is Not Dead and What We Need to Make It both Happen and Last

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Abstract: It is of course too early to draw conclusions about the European Union’s response to the COVID-19 crisis in its Member States while we are still in the midst of the health crisis. On the other hand, it is already possible to correct the widely shared first impression that European solidarity had been shattered. The available public data...

Le implicazioni del primo ricorso alla c.d. ‘clausola di mutua assistenza’ del Trattato sull’Unione europea

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Abstract: In the aftermath of the ISIS terrorist attacks in Paris on 13 November 2015, France invoked for the first time the mutual assistance clause provided by Art. 42, para. 7, TEU, seeking for aid and assistance from other Member States in accordance with Art. 51 of the UN Charter. The attacks were qualified as an armed aggression on French...