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The EU and Russian Aggression: Perspectives from Kant, Hobbes, and Machiavelli

Insight

Abstract: This Insight examines the stance the EU should adopt towards the Russian invasion of Ukraine on the basis of the political thought of Immanuel Kant, Thomas Hobbes, and Niccolò Machiavelli. Taking as its starting point Josep Borrell’s comment that “we are too much Kantians and not enough Hobbesians” at the 2022 EU Ambassadors’...

Financing European Defence: The End of Budgetary Taboos

Insight

Abstract: Since the Treaty of Lisbon, signed in 2007, the common security and defence policy shall include the progressive framing of a common Union defence policy, which may lead to a common defence. However, the key question is the financing of such policy. To address this issue, several taboos have been progressively lifted in terms of financial...

Battles on Different Fronts: The Role of the EU in Strengthening the Response of Ukraine to Gender-based Violence, Including Conflict-related Sexual Violence, Since Russia’s Invasion

Insight

Abstract: The Insight investigates the role of the EU in promoting gender equality and freedom from gender-based violence in Ukraine in the context of Russia’s war against Ukraine. By drawing on concrete examples of developments which took place at legal, justice-related and values-based dimensions through the framework of discursive...

The EU’s Role in Ammunition Procurement

Insight

Abstract: Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has shaken up the EU approach to defence matters. Funds have been released to help in providing Ukraine with ammunition. More interesting, the European Defence Agency (EDA) has taken up a more active role in the procurement of defence materials. While these developments are still limited, a partial...

How Does Belligerent Occupation End? Some Reflections on the Future of the Territories Occupied in the Russia-Ukraine Conflict

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Keywords: belligerent occupation – armed conflict – end – peace – Ukraine – Russia.
 

In the past months, news outlets have extensively reported on Ukraine’s more or less effective counter-offensive, as well as on renewed rumours of possible negotiations between Ukraine and Russia....

The Wave of Russian Attacks on Ukraine’s Power Infrastructures: An Opportunity to Infuse Meaningfulness into the Notion of 'Dual-use Objects'?

Insight

Abstract: The wave of attacks launched by Russia against Ukraine’s power infrastructures since October 2022 represents one of the most debated and peculiar aspects of the current international armed conflict between the two countries. Although these types of attacks cannot be labelled as unprecedented nor understudied given their frequent occurrence...

The European Political Community: A Nebulous Answer to the Strategic Question of How to Unite Europe

Insight

Abstract: The European Political Community (EPC) is an institutionalised but flexible forum for political coordination between European countries. It was established in the aftermath of the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022. While the EPC is only in its early stages, and therefore there is a significant element of volatility in the subject, this...

Ukraine Conflict’s Impact on European Defence and Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO)

Insight

Abstract: The history of a unified European defence has persistently shaped the European Union's foreign policy, evolving over time. The EU has worked on a robust and coherent Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP), particularly boosted by the European Union Global Strategy (EUGS) in 2016, which was issued after external shocks threatened Europe...

First-Ever EU Funding of Lethal Weapons: 'Another Taboo Has (Lawfully) Fallen'

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Keywords: supply of lethal arms – CFSP – European Peace Facility – Ukraine – territorial integrity – international security.

By decision of 28 February 2022,[1] the Council of the EU unanimously decided to fund (in the amount of euro 1 840 000 000, as last increased by Council...

Citizenship, Coronavirus and Questions of Competence

Insight

Abstract: Restrictions on movement imposed in all Member States have necessarily resulted in a restriction of free movement rights of Union citizens, albeit in an incidental manner. These restrictions are nonetheless facilitated by the relevant provisions of primary and secondary law. This is appropriate in light of the multi-level system of...

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