Table of Contents: I. Introduction. – II. Two visions of Europe. – II.1. A first cut at the argument. – II.2. An ever closer union. – II.3. A wider and looser union. – III. Institutional mechanisms of differentiated integration within the EU. – III.1. No “ever closer” monetary integration within the EMU. – III.2. Enhanced cooperation: nature,...
Table of Contents: I. Introduction. – II. Transatlantic regulatory cooperation outside an FTA structure. – III. FTA structures regulatory cooperation and regulation imperatives: conflict or harmony? – III.1. The changing nature of regulation. – III.2. Compatibility of regulation and FTA structures for regulatory cooperation. – IV. Tighter...
Table of Contents: I. Introduction. – II. European Union public procurement law. – III. The three funds. – III.1. Trust Funds. – III.2. The Trust Funds for Syria and Africa. – III.3. The crisis exception in the Trust Fund for Africa. – III.4. Facility for Refugees in Turkey. – IV. Five projects. – IV.1. Civil registries in Mali. – IV.2. Cashews in...
On 21 October 2019, in a piece published on Verfassungsblog, twenty-nine influential experts in European affairs have harshly rebuked the European Parliament for rejecting the nomination of Sylvie Goulard to the new European Commission (Fairness, Trust and the Rule of Law: Statement on the European Parliament’s confirmation procedure concerning Sylvie...
Table of Contents: I. Introduction. – I.1. The perils of parallel proceedings in EU competition law. – I.2. The classification of parallel proceedings and the resumption of proceedings following the annulment of a decision on procedural grounds as an instance of horizontal parallel proceedings. – I.3. The inadequacy of the discretionary...
Table of Contents: I. Introduction: the Achmea judgment. – II. The European Commission's assessment and the EU Member States’ position. – III. Potential consequences for existing BITs, CETA and future trade and investment agreements. – III.1. Various forms of applicable law clauses. – III.2. Extra-EU BITs which are silent on the applicable...
Table of Contents: I. Introduction: the Achmea judgment. – II. The European Commission's assessment and the EU Member States’ position. – III. Potential consequences for existing BITs, CETA and future trade and investment agreements. – III.1. Various forms of applicable law clauses. – III.2. Extra-EU BITs which are silent on the applicable...
Table of Contents: I. Introduction: the Achmea judgment. – II. The European Commission's assessment and the EU Member States’ position. – III. Potential consequences for existing BITs, CETA and future trade and investment agreements. – III.1. Various forms of applicable law clauses. – III.2. Extra-EU BITs which are silent on the applicable...
Table of Contents: I. Introduction. – II. Achmea, from the perspective of international investment law specialists. – III. An impressive set of consequences inferred from Achmea. – IV. Achmea and the European integration process.
Abstract: The Achmea case has...
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