A Landmark Judgment in the Refusal to Deal Doctrine: Android Auto (Case C‑233/23) and Bronner’s Future in Digital Platform Markets

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Table of Contents: 1. Introduction. – 2. The Bronner criteria and their relevance in digital platform markets. – 3. Factual background to the dispute. – 4. The decision of the ICA. – 4.1. Market definition. – 4.2. The ICA’s assessment. – 5. Google’s Appeal to the Administrative Court. – 6. Google’s appeal to the Supreme Administrative Court...

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European Forum

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Forum Européen

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Forum europeo

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Foro Europeo