Table of Contents: I. Introduction. – II. Theoretical framework: why national judges participate in judicial dialogue with the CJEU. – III. Judiciary reforms in Poland 2017-2018: a brief overview. – IV. Preliminary questions as reaction of Polish courts to the judiciary reforms. – V. Defending the rule of law or reality based self-defense...
Table of Contents: I. Introduction. – II. National court opinion in the preliminary reference procedure. – III. Methods and material. – IV. Results. – IV.1. Active courts: motivations for expression opinions. – IV.2. Passive courts: motivations for not expressing opinions. – V. Passive high court judges? – VI. Concluding discussion....
Table of Contents: I. Introduction. – II. Study design and research method. – III. Dutch Caribbean case law and legislation concerning EU law. – IV. OCT judge opinions on preliminary reference. – V. Conclusion.
Abstract: Under EU law, parts of several Member States are characterised as Overseas...
Table of Contents: I. Introduction. – II. A European opportunity structure. – III. Lawyers and references: an unexpected task. – III.1. Allocating resources. – III.2. Going to Luxembourg. – III.3. Legal aid and references. – III.4. Lawyers’ motivation. – III.5. The “language” of EU law. – III.6. The significance of the hearing. – III.7. The ways of...
Table of Contents: I. Introduction. – II. Research design and literature overview. – III. Legal explanations. – III.1. A stricter application of Cilfit by the Supreme Court. – III.2. The Court of Appeal: a de facto court of final appeal applying Cilfit. – IV. A generational change in knowledge and mentality. – V. Increased...
Table of Contents: I. Introduction. – II. Historical constitution. – III. Constitutional identity. – IV. Christian culture. – V. History and interpretation. – V.1. Achievements of the historical constitution. – V.2. Constitutional identity. – V.3. Christian culture. – VI. Conclusion: partisan tendencies and neutralising efforts....
Table of Contents: I. Introduction. – II. European Union: a democratic or a political deficit? – III. Conceptualizing accountability. – IV. Mechanisms of accountability in the EU and the EP elections. – IV.1. EU complexities. – IV.2. The deficiencies of electoral accountability. – V. Conclusion: from legitimacy to authority. – VI. Acknowledgments....
Table of Contents: I. Introduction. – II. Fundamental values and the Treaties of Lisbon. – II.1. Which values, and which status or role? – II.2. The EU’s limited competences to act upon, and enforce, its values. – II.3. How common and deep are the Union’s values? – III. Compliance with Art. 2 TEU at the stage of accession. – IV. Enforcement of Art....
Abstract: In a recent Article published in this Journal, Gareth Davies draws a parallel between European citizens as fashioned by EU law and pre-war Europe's Jews (G. Davies, How Citizenship Divides: The New Legal Class of Transnational Europeans, in European Papers, Vol. 4, 2019, No 3,...
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