Table of Contents: I. Introduction. – II. The EU decision to assist Ukraine: a watershed yet not unpredictable moment. – III. The international relevance of the EU assistance to Ukraine. – IV. A measure of collective self-defence? – V. Attributing the assistance in favour of Ukraine to the EU Member States: the general criteria of arts 4 ARS and 6...
Table of Contents: I. Introduction: recent trends in the practice of the European Union concerning the protection of European citizens vis-à-vis a third State. – II. The quest for competence: arts 20 and 23 TFEU. – III. The quest for competence: the EU-UK agreements. – IV. The quest for competence: customary law on diplomatic protection. –...
Abstract: In the case law of the CJEU, Art. 51 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union is often read as based on a dichotomic distinction between national rules and behaviors falling within and, respectively, outside the scope of the Charter. Only the first category of rules and behaviors shall abide by the Charter, while the...
Table of Contents: Preliminary remarks: judicial review of international agreements between self-restraint and judicial activism. – II. The decision of the General Court in Front Polisario and the procedural approach. – III. The substantive approach in the decision of the Court of Justice in Front Polisario. – IV....
Abstract: In Front Polisario (judgment of 21 December 2016, case C-104/16 P, Council of the European Union v. Front Polisario [GC]), the Court of Justice was called to assess the validity of a decision that had concluded an agreement providing for reciprocal liberalisation measures on agriculture and fishery products between the EU...
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