Shaping the Joint Liability Landscape? The Broader Consequences of WS v Frontex for EU Law

Insight

Abstract: The Insight delves into the CJEU judgment of WS et al. v Frontex, the first action for damages against the European Border and Coast Guard Agency, Frontex, for human rights violations at the EU's external borders. Despite the prevalence of systemic violations and heightened attention to the agency's...

La protection temporaire de l'Union européenne en faveur des ressortissants ukrainiens: perspectives d’avenir après un an d’application

Insight

Abstract: The Russian aggression in Ukraine led to the activation of the 2001 Temporary Protection Directive by the European Union to organise the reception of displaced persons fleeing the conflict. This is an unprecedented move, in the twenty years of its existence, this directive has never been implemented. It is therefore interesting to observe...

Let’s Call It what It Is: Hybrid Threats and Instrumentalisation as the Evolution of Securitisation in Migration Management

Insight

Abstract: This Insight examines the discourse surrounding the instrumentalisation of migration and its impact on monitoring the EU’s external borders. It analyses the regulatory response, focusing on the Instrumentalisation Regulation, to determine if an exceptional emergency response is justified. The article explores recent arguments...

Belarus-sponsored Migration Movements and the Response by Lithuania, Latvia, and Poland: A Critical Appraisal

Insight

Abstract: Lithuania, Latvia, and Poland have amended their legislation to respond to the increased migration flows caused by the policies of instrumentalisation of migrants implemented by the Belarusian government. This Insight illustrates these responses and shows how these EU Member States instrumentalised border tensions with Belarus to...

Language Requirements: Integration Measures or Legal Barriers? Insights from X v Udlændingenævnet

Insight

Abstract: In X v Udlændingenævnet, the Court of Justice dealt with a Danish provision requiring a Turkish worker, legally resident in Denmark, to successfully pass a language test as a necessary condition to provide his spouse with a residence permit for the purpose of family reunification. The Court claimed that said legislation...

The European Commission’s Instrumentalization Strategy: Normalising Border Procedures and De Facto Detention

Insight

Abstract: The global reform of the EU migration policy envisaged in the New Pact on Migration and Asylum is stalling. The increased number of arrivals from Belarus gave the European Commission the opportunity to change its approach in attempting to reform the European migration management. The Belarus crisis, influenced by the active involvement of...

Protecting Borders or Individual Rights? A Comparative Due Process Rights Analysis of EU and Member State Responses to ‘Weaponised’ Migration

Insight

Abstract: In recent years the EU and its Member States have claimed to be increasingly targeted by “weaponised” migration. Due to the contemporary sensitivity of migration-related issues in the EU, neighbouring states are supposedly using the threat of increased migration to force the Union’s hand in other policy areas. Below, several recent...

Schengen Reform: ‘Alternatives’ to Border Controls to Curb ‘Secondary Movements’

Insight

Abstract: A series of challenges and crises have highlighted the deficits of the ‘Schengen Αrea’ both regarding its external and internal borders. This resulted in the undermining of trust between the Member States which is essential to sustain an area free from internal borders. Thus, the EU Commission presented in December 2021 new rules to...

Le deroghe alla direttiva rimpatri all'ombra del Patto: strumentalizzazione dei migranti e riforma del meccanismo di valutazione e monitoraggio di Schengen

Insight

Abstract: Art. 2(2)(a) of the Directive 2008/115/EC (Return Directive) provides the conditions whereby the Member States can derogate from some provisions of the directive itself. An amendment to remove this clause is under discussion before the European Parliament, as part of the negotiations on the directive’s recast. Derogations from the scope of...

La “strumentalizzazione” delle persone migranti: la risposta dell’Unione europea e la reazione lituana a confronto. Un’occasione per riflettere (anche) sull’operato dell’Agenzia dell’UE per l’asilo

Insight

Abstract: This Insight aims to illustrate common elements between the Lithuanian and European Union reaction following the “instrumentalisation of migrants” by Belarus. The most critical aspects with respect to national reforms and the Proposal presented by the Commission in December 2021 – ex art. 78(3) TFEU – shed light on specific issues...

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